A Checklist of the Flora of Amrum

Taxa in black type have been recorded since 1987 either by myself or by Türk (1994). Those in grey type were recorded at earlier dates.

* Taxa recorded in my survey but not by other authors.

Aceraceae Alismataceae Apiaceae Aquifoliaceae Araceae Araliaceae Asteraceae Balsaminaceae Betulaceae Boraginaceae Brassicaceae Callitrichaceae Campanulaceae Cannabinaceae Caprifoliaceae Caryophyllaceae Chenopodiaceae Clusiaceae Convolvulaceae Crassulaceae Cucurbitaceae Cupressaceae Cuscutaceae Cyperaceae Dipsacaceae Droseraceae Dryopteridaceae Elaeagnaceae Equisetaceae Ericaceae Euphorbiaceae Fabaceae Fagaceae Fumariaceae Gentianaceae Geraniaceae Grossulariaceae Haloragaceae Hippocastanaceae Hydrophyllaceae Iridaceae Juncaceae Juncaginaceae Lamiaceae Lemnaceae Lentibulariaceae Liliaceae Linaceae Lycopodiaceae Lythraceae Malvaceae Menyanthaceae Nymphaeaceae Oleaceae Onagraceae Ophioglossaceae Orchidaceae Osmundaceae Oxalidaceae Papaveraceae Pinaceae Plantaginaceae Plumbaginaceae Poaceae Polygalaceae Polygonaceae Polypodiaceae Portulacaceae Potamogetonaceae Primulaceae Pyrolaceae Ranunculaceae Resedaceae Rhamnaceae Rosaceae Rubiaceae Ruppiaceae Salicaceae Saxifragaceae Scrophulariaceae Solanaceae Sparganiaceae Taxaceae Tiliaceae Tropaeolaceae Typhaceae Ulmaceae Urticaceae Valerianaceae Violaceae Vitaceae Woodsiaceae Zannichelliaceae Zosteraceae

Lycopodiaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Lycopodiella inundata (Marsh Clubmoss	rare native	Dune slack near the Wriakhörnsee	A rare and endangered species across Europe
Lycopodium clavatum (Stag's Horn Clubmoss			Türk, W. (1994)

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Equisetaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Equisetum arvense (Field Horsetail	uncommon native	On the banks of ditches	Low lying land between Steenodde and Wittdün
Equisetum fluviatile (Water Horsetail	rare native	Next to a small overgrown pond

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Ophioglossaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Botrychium lunaria (Moonwort)			Other Cited in Christiansen (1961)
Ophioglossum vulgatum (Adder's-tounge)			Christiansen (1961)

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Osmundaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Osmunda regalis (Royal Fern)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)

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Polypodiaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Polypodium vulgare (Polypody	common native	Deciduous woodland, conifer plantations and fixed dunes

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Woodsiaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Athyrium filix-femina* (Lady Fern	rare native	Conifer plantations	A single plant found, presumably a recent colonist

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Dryopteridaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Dryopteris carthusiana (Narrow Buckler fern	uncommon native	Conifer plantations	Hard to find amongst the much more abundant and similar looking Dryopteris dilatata
Dryopteris dilatata (Broad Buckler fern	Abundant native	Deciduous woodland and conifer plantations
Dryopteris filix-mas (Male Fern	uncommon native	Embankments surrounding houses and in woods

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Pinaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Abies alba* (Fir	uncommon planted	Conifer plantations
Abies grandis* (Fir	uncommon planted	Conifer plantations
Larix x marschlinsii* (Japanese Larch	uncommon planted	Conifer plantations
Picea glauca* (White Spruce	rare planted	Conifer plantations
Picea sitchensis* (Sitka Spruce	common planted	Conifer plantations	Creating dense shade under which little survives
Pinus contorta* (Lodgepole Pine	uncommon sometimes planted	Usually found at the boundary between the dunes and conifer plantations Often self sown on the dunes
Pinus mugo* (Dwarf Mountain-pine	uncommon planted	Usually found at the boundary between the dunes and conifer plantations
Pinus nigra* (Corsican Pine	Abundant planted	Conifer plantations	Probably the commonest plantation tree on the island. Used to stabilize dunes
Pinus sylvestris* (Scots Pine	common planted	Conifer plantations	Commonly planted to stabilize dunes

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Cupressaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Juniperus communis (Common Juniper			Türk, W. (1994)

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Taxaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Taxus baccata* (Yew	rare probably planted	Woodland

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Nymphaeaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Nymphaea alba (White Water Lily	rare probably planted	Pond	South of Steenodde

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Ranunculaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Aquilegia vulgaris* (Columbine	uncommon introduced	Garden weed, wasteplaces and occationally in woodland	Probably tolerated by gardeners and allowed to self-sow
Pulsatilla vulgaris (Pasqueflower)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Ranunculus acris (Meadow buttercup	common native	Meadows and roadsides
Ranunculus aquatilis agg. (Common Water-crowfoot	rare native	Pond	Just surviving in a small pool in grazing land north of Norddorf
Ranunculus bulbosus (Bulbous buttercup			Türk, W. (1994)
Ranunculus flammula (Lesser Spearwort	uncommon native	Wet dune slacks and banks of ponds	On the banks of the Wriakhörnsee and also in boggy dune slacks north of Norddorf
Ranunculus hederaceus (Ivy-leaved Crowfoot)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Ranunculus repens (Creeping buttercup	common native	Meadows, pastures, wasteplaces, lawns and roadsides
Ranunculus sardous (Hairy buttercup	uncommon archaeophyte	Pastures and trodden ground	Pastures north of Norddorf
Ranunculus sceleratus (Celery leaved Crowfoot	uncommon native	Ditches, dune slacks and wasteplaces	Often quite close to the sea on the edge of saltmarsh
Thalictrum flavum (Common Meadow-rue)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Thalictrum minus ssp. saxatile (Lesser Meadow-rue)

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Papaveraceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Chelidonium majus* (Greater Celandine	rare introduced	Wasteplaces and garden weed
Eschscholzia californica* (Californian Poppy	rare casual	Road verge and wasteland	One plant along main road in Süddorf, near garden
Papaver argemone (Prickly Poppy			Türk, W. (1994)
Papaver dubium ssp. dubium (Long Smooth-headed Poppy	common archaeophyte	Wasteplaces, a weed in arable crops and roadsides
Papaver rhoeas (Common Poppy	common archaeophyte	Wasteplaces, arable crops and roadsides
Papaver somniferum* (Opium Poppy	uncommon introduced	Wasteplaces	Never more than a handful of plants at any one site, but present in many places
Glaucium flavum (Yellow Horned-poppy	rare native	Strandline	Found in a small area on the western shore at the highest high tide mark where litter collects

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Fumariaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Fumaria officinalis ssp. officinalis (Fumitory	uncommon archaeophyte	Field margins and tracks

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Ulmaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Ulmus x hollandica* (Dutch Elm	uncommon	Hedges	No large trees were found and one small tree was seen to have died, presumably of Dutch Elm disease. Determined only from Nebel, but probably elsewhere too
Ulmus glabra* (Wych Elm	uncommon	Hedges	Small trees were seen in the boundary hedges and saplings from wild sown seeds was found. Determined only from Nebel, but probably elsewhere too
Ulmus laevis* (European White-elm	rare planted	Roadside	One tree in Nebel, at a roadside

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Cannabinaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Humulus lupulus (Hop	rare probably planted	Sandy embankment	On a embankment facing Nordstrand in Wittdün. Also near the mini-golf in Norddorf. Probably originally planted

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Urticaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Urtica dioica (Stinging Nettle	common	Wasteplaces, woodland margins and roadsides
Urtica urens (Small Nettle	rare archaeophyte	Disturbed ground in cattle pastures and Garden weed

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Fagaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Castanea sativa* (Chestnut	rare sometimes planted	Conifer plantations	North of the lighthouse
Quercus robur (Pedunculate Oak	common sometimes planted	Mature trees found in deciduous woodland and on heaths Also, saplings occasionally found on fixed dunes
Quercus rubra* (Red Oak	uncommon sometimes planted	Deciduous woodland and conifer plantations	Apparently planted, but also self seeded
Fagus sylvatica* (Beech	uncommon planted	Mainly planted near buildings	Apparently not regenerating

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Betulaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Alnus glutinosa (Alder	common native	Damp woods and margins of ditches	Particularly between Steenodde and Wittdün
Alnus incana* (Grey Alder	rare planted	Damp woods and margins of ditches
Betula pendula (Silver Birch	common sometimes planted	Heaths, woodland, fixed dunes and dune slacks	Intermediate plants between B. pubescens and B. pendula were seen and it is therefore likely that the hybrid B. x aurata is also present on the island. Synonym Betula verrucosa
Betula pubescens (Brown Birch	common native	Boggy dune slacks
Corylus avellana* (Hazel	rare planted	Deciduous woodland

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Chenopodiaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Atriplex glabriuscula (Babington's Orache)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Atriplex laciniata (Frosted Orache)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Atriplex littoralis (Grass-leaved Orache	common native	Saltmarsh and wasteplaces close to sea	Often associated with Elytrigia species
Atriplex longipes (Long-stalked Orache)	native		Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Atriplex patula (Common Orache	uncommon	Wasteplaces	Determined from a patch of wasteground south of Nebel, but certainly elsewhere also
Atriplex pedunculata (Pedunculate Sea-purslane			Türk, W. (1994)
Atriplex portulacoides (Sea-purslane	common native	Saltmarsh
Atriplex prostrata (Spear-leaved Orache	common native	Saltmarsh and wasteplaces
Bassia hirsuta			Türk, W. (1994)
Beta vulgaris subsp. maritima* (Sea Beet	rare native	Strandline	A single plant, not flowering was found growing at the upper most strandline on the beach. Very rare in Schleswig-Holsteins and probably only casual
Chenopodium album agg. (Fat Hen	common	Wasteplaces
Chenopodium murale (Nettle-leaved Goosefoot)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Chenopodium rubrum (Red Goosefoot	uncommon	Upper saltmarsh, Strandline and wasteplaces
Chenopodium suecicum (Swedish Goosefoot	uncommon introduced	Wasteplaces
Salicornia europaea agg. (Glasswort	Abundant native	Saltmarsh
Salicornia procumbens agg. (Glasswort
Salsola kali ssp. kali (Saltwort	uncommon native	Sandy beaches
Suaeda maritima (Annual Sea-blite	common native	Saltmarsh

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Portulacaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Claytonia perfoliata* (Spring Beauty	rare introduced	Garden weed	Growing next to the pavement in the centre of Nebel. Also in a garden in Wittdün
Claytonia sibirica* (Pink Purslane	rare introduced	Garden weed	Inside the boundaries of a wild garden in Heide. Also, in Suddorf

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Caryophyllaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Agrostemma githago (Corncockle)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Arenaria serpyllifolia ssp. serpyllifolia (Thyme-leaved Sandwort	uncommon	Sandy Tracks	West of Wittdün. A glandular form was also found on sand at the high tide mark
Cerastium arvense (Field Mouse-ear	uncommon native	Road verges and grassland
Cerastium diffusum (Sea Mouse-ear			Synonym Cerastium tetrandrum Türk, W. (1994)
Cerastium fontanum ssp. vulgare (Common Mouse-ear	common native	Verges, grassland and wasteplaces	Synonym Cerastium caespitosum. Some large flowered plants growing in saltmarsh on the western shore may be Cerastium fontanum ssp. holosteoides
Cerastium glomeratum (Sticky Mouse-ear	uncommon native	Wasteplaces
Cerastium pumilum (Dwalf Mouse-ear			Türk, W. (1994)
Cerastium semidecandrum (Little Mouse-ear	common native	Fixed dunes
Cerastium tomentosum* (Snow-in-summer	uncommon introduced	On embankments and fixed dunes	Generally close to houses from where it has presumably escaped
Dianthus carthusianorum	rare	Grassland	Several plants seen in field margin to the east of Norddorf. Also, seen in a garden in Nebel, but there it is apparently cultivated
Dianthus deltoides (Maiden Pink	uncommon native	Short grazed grass on sandy soil
Honckenya peploides (Sea Sandwort	abundant native	Sandy saltmarsh and sandy beaches
Lychnis flos-cuculi (Ragged Robin	uncommon native	Wet pasture and banks of ditches	North of Norddorf and near sewage works at Steenodde
Sagina apetala* (Ciliate Pearlwort	common	Pavement cracks, tracks and roadsides
Sagina maritima (Sea Pearlwort	common native	Dune slacks
Sagina nodosa (Knotted Pearlwort	rare native	Dune slacks	Found only on very small dunes, within larger dune slack. These large slacks separate the foredunes from main dune system
Sagina procumbens (Common Pearlwort	common native	Lawns, pavement cracks, wet dune slacks and grazed short turf
Sagina subulata (Heath Pearlwort			Cited in Türk, W. (1994)
Saponaria officinalis (Soapwort			Türk, W. (1994)
Scleranthus annuus (Knawel	common	Wasteplaces and a weed of Arable crops
Scleranthus perennis (Perennial Knawel	uncommon native	Short grazed turf	Seen in horse grazed pastures and rabbit grazed field margins
Scleranthus annuus x perennis			Other Cited in Christiansen (1961)
Silene dioica (Red Campion	rare	Margins of woodlands	Two plants seen in two different locations. Synonym Melandrium rubrum
Silene latifolia (White Campion	common	Wasteplaces, a weed of Arable crops and on roadsides	Synonym Melandrium album
Silene nutans (Nottingham Catchfly)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Silene otites (Spanish Catchfly	rare native	In grassland on sandy soil	Next to a track north of Norddorf
Silene vulgaris (Bladder Campion	uncommon	Wasteplaces and roadsides	Wittdün. Synonym Silene inflata
Spergula arvensis (Corn Spurrey	common archaeophyte	Wasteplaces and a weed of Arable crops
Spergularia marina (Sea Spurry	common native	Saltmarsh behind foredunes	Synonym Spergularia salina
Spergularia media (Perennial Sea Spurry	common native	Saltmarsh	Synonym Spergularia marginata
Spergularia rubra (Red Spurrey	common	Heath, pavement cracks, tracks and roadsides	Always on well trodden ground
Stellaria graminea (Lesser Stitchwort	common native	Grassland, roadsides and meadows
Stellaria media (Chickweed	common	Wasteplaces, agricultural weed, tracks and woodland margins
Stellaria pallida (Lesser Chickweed	uncommon native	On bare patches of sandy soil	Found once north-west of Nebel, but easily overlooked and probably elsewhere

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Polygonaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Fagopyrum tataricum (Tartary Buckwheat)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Fallopia convolvulus (Black-bindweed	common archaeophyte	Wasteplaces and a weed of Arable crops
Fallopia japonica (Japanese Knotweed	rare introduced	Wasteplaces	Three small stems growing out of a pile of straw on the western side of Allunn. Either they were dumped with the straw or perhaps the straw was dumped to destroy the Fallopia
Persicaria amphibia (Amphibious Bistort	rare native	Ponds in dune slacks	Wriakhörnsee, pond near Vogelkoje NW of Nebel, behind dunes
Persicaria lapathifolia (Pale Persicaria	common archaeophyte	Agricultural weed, fallow and wasteplaces
Persicaria maculosa (Redshank	uncommon archaeophyte	Fallow	Found several plants on one small area north-west of Nebel. Normally a common agricultural weed, but not at all common on Amrum
Polygonum aviculare (Knotgrass	Abundant	Arable weed, wasteplaces, sometime very close to sea
Rumex acetosa (Sorrel	common native	Meadows, pasture and roadsides
Rumex acetosella (Sheep's Sorrel	common native	Heath, pasture and fallow
Rumex crispus ssp. crispus (Curled Dock	common native	Wasteplaces, roadsides and grassland
Rumex crispus ssp. littoreus (Curled Dock	common native	Beaches and upper saltmarshes
Rumex hydrolapathum (Water Dock	rare native	Banks of fresh water lake and wet dune slack	Wriakhörnsee
Rumex maritimus (Golden Dock	rare native	Banks of a pond	Western Vogelkoje
Rumex obtusifolius (Broad-leaved Dock	common native	Fallow, wasteplaces and tracksides
Rumex x pratensis (Rumex crispus x obtusifolius)*	uncommon native	Wasteplaces

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Plumbaginaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Armeria maritima ssp elongata (Thrift	native		Türk, W. (1994)
Armeria maritima ssp maritima (Thrift	abundant native	Saltmarsh, meadows and roadsides
Limonium vulgare (Common Sea-lavender	common native	Saltmarsh

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Clusiaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Hypericum humifusum (Trailing St John's-wort)			Other Cited in Christiansen (1961)
Hypericum perforatum (Perforate St John's-wort	uncommon	Roadsides and wasteplaces
Hypericum pulchrum (Slender St John's-wort)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)

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Tiliaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Tilia cordata* (Small-leaved Lime	uncommon planted	Woodland	The Bergwald projekt (www.bergwaldprojekt.de) has been planting this non-native tree on the island. They seem to think that alien deciduous trees are preferable to alien conifers

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Malvaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Alcea rosea* (Hollyhock	uncommon introduced	Wasteplaces	Rarely more than one or two plants at any site, but it was found at several place across the island
Malva moschata* (Musk Mallow	uncommon	Roadsides and wasteplaces
Malva neglecta (Dwarf Mallow	uncommon archaeophyte	Wasteplaces, gardens and roadsides	Nebel and Norddorf
Malva sylvestris (Common Mallow	uncommon archaeophyte	Fallow, pavement cracks and wasteplaces	Never more than a few plants seen at one place, but seen in several places

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Droseraceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Drosera rotundifolia (Round-leaved Sundew	uncommon native	Boggy dune slacks
Drosera intermedia (Oblong-leaves Sundew	rare native	Boggy dune slacks

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Violaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Viola arvensis (Field Pansy	rare archaeophyte	Agricultural land	Found as a weed of a maize crop
Viola canina ssp. canina (Heath Dog-violet	common native	Dunes
Viola palustris ssp. palustris (Bog Violet	rare native	Boggy dune slacks
Viola riviniana (Common Dog-violet	rare introduced
Viola tricolor (Wild Pansy	abundant native	Agricultural land, fallow and dunes
Viola x wittrockiana* (Garden Pansies	rare introduced	Pavement cracks	A garden escape

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Cucurbitaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Bryonia dioica* (White Bryony	rare native	Woodland	A single plant in a woodland margin. Probably a recent colonist

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Salicaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Populus tremula (Aspen	common	Woodland, regenerating in conifer plantations
Populus alba (White Poplar	common introduced	Woodland margins and dunes	Often found as a shrub and spreading by suckers to form a thicket
Populus x canescens* (Grey Poplar	uncommon probably planted	Woodland
Salix alba (White Willow)			Other Cited in Christiansen (1961)
Salix cinerea (Grey Willow	common native		Identification confirmed by R.D. Meikle (2007)
Salix aurita (Eared Willow	uncommon native		Identification confirmed by R.D. Meikle (2007)
Salix daphnoides (European Violet-willow	rare planted		Planted near the docks in Wittdün
Salix hastata			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Salix pentandra (Bay Willow	rare planted	Roadside	Three trees by a roadside south of Norddorf
Salix repens (Creeping Willow	abundant native	Dunes, heaths and sometimes on rough meadows and roadsides	Identification confirmed by R.D. Meikle (2007)
Salix viminalis (Osier	rare planted	Margins of woodlands	Near sewage works at Steenodde and in Norddorf
Salix cinerea x S. repens (S. x sebsericea)*	rare native	Dune slacks	Identification confirmed by R.D. Meikle (2007)
Salix aurita x S. cinerea (Salix x multinervis)*	common native	Dune slacks
Salix viminalis x S. repens (Salix x friesiana)*	rare native	Dune slacks	Identification confirmed by R.D. Meikle (2007)

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Brassicaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Alliaria petiolata* (Garlic Mustard	common	Wasteplaces	Usually within the towns
Arabidopsis thaliana (Thale Cress	common	Pavement cracks, roadsides and wasteplaces	On seawall in Norddorf
Arabis arenosa (Sand Rock-cress)	introduced		Other Cited in Christiansen (1961)
Brassica rapa (Turnip)			Other Cited in Christiansen (1961)
Brassica nigra (Black Mustard)	introduced		Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Cakile maritima (Sea Rocket	uncommon native	Sandy seashores and within fore dunes
Capsella bursa-pastoris (Shepherd's Purse	common	Pavement cracks, roadsides and wasteplaces
Cardamine flexuosa (Wavy Bitter Cress)
Cardamine hirsuta (Hairy Bitter Cress	uncommon	Wasteplaces
Cardamine pratensis (Lady's Smock	probably uncommon native	On the banks of ditches	Only seen once near Wittdün, but it may have been overlooked elsewhere
Cochlearia danica (Danish Scurvygrass	uncommon native	Seawall
Cochlearia officinalis agg. (Scurvygrass	probably common native	Saltmarsh and seawall
Coronopus squamatus (Swinecress)			Other Cited in Christiansen (1961)
Descurainia sophia (Flixweed	common archaeophyte	Wasteplaces and fallow
Diplotaxis muralis (Annual Wall Rocket	uncommon introduced	Wasteplaces
Erophila verna (Whitlow Grass	uncommon native	Wasteplaces	Near sewage works near Nebel and in Wittdüne, only seen twice, but it may have been overlooked elsewhere
Erysimum cheiranthoides (Treacle-mustard	introduced		Türk, W. (1994)
Hesperis matronalis* (Dame's Violet	rare introduced	Rough grassland	Found near a garden from which it is likely to have escaped
Lepidium campestre (Field Pepperwort	common archaeophyte	Roadsides and wasteplaces
Lepidium draba ssp. draba (Hoary Cress)	introduced		Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Lepidium ruderale (Narrow-leaved Pepperwort	rare casual	Bare, compacted soil used to park cars	Seen at one site in western Wittdün
Lobularia maritima (Sea Alyssum	rare introduced	Pavement cracks, roadsides and wasteplaces	Usually within towns, often just single plants
Lunaria annua* (Honesty	rare introduced	Wasteplaces	Self sown near a garden in Wittdün
Raphanus raphanistrum (Wild Radish	uncommon	Roadsides and wasteplaces
Raphanus sativus* (Garden Radish	rare introduced	Wasteplaces
Rorippa amphibia (Great Yellow-cress)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Rorippa palustris (Marsh Yellow-cress)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Rorippa sylvestris (Creeping Yellow-cress	rare introduced	Earthen seawall	Only one patch in Steenodde
Sinapis arvensis (Charlock	common	Wasteplaces, agricultural weed and tracks
Sisymbrium altissimum (Tall Rocket	common introduced	Wasteplaces and fallow
Sisymbrium officinale (Hedge Mustard	abundant introduced	Wasteplaces, agricultural weed, tracks and woodland margins
Subularia aquatica (Awlwort)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Teesdalia nudicaulis (Shepherd's cress	common native	Fixed dunes and disturbed ground on heaths
Thlaspi arvense (Field Penny Cress	common archaeophyte	Wasteplaces and fallow

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Resedaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Reseda lutea (Wild Mignonette	rare introduced	Wasteplaces	Disturbed ground near sewage works at Nebel. Also occasional plants in Norddorf and Wittdün
Reseda luteola* (Dyer's Rocket	rare casual	Wasteplaces	Disturbed ground near sewage works at Nebel

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Ericaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Calluna vulgaris (Ling	abundant native	Heaths and dune slacks
Empetrum nigrum (Crowberry	abundant native	Heaths and dune slacks	Often the dominant species on heaths
Erica tetralix (Cross-leaved Heath	common native	Damp areas in heaths and dune slacks
Vaccinium macrocarpon (American Cranberry	introduced		Cited in Türk, W. (1994)
Vaccinium oxycoccos (Cranberry	uncommon native	Boggy dune slacks	Found in two slacks to the north of Norddorf and in the area of the Wriakhörnsee. Never abundant
Vaccinium uliginosum (Bog Whortleberry	common native	Heaths and dune slacks
Vaccinium vitis-idaea (Cowberry)			Probably a mistake and has never existed on Amrum (Buchenau 1887)Other Cited in Christiansen (1961)

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Pyrolaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Pyrola minor (Common Wintergreen	common native	Dune slacks and under Betula pendula in plantations

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Primulaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Anagallis arvensis (Scarlet Pimpernel	uncommon archaeophyte	Fallow fields, disturbed ground in heaths and arable weed
Anagallis minima (Chaffweed	rare native	Dune slacks	Synonym Centunculus minimus
Glaux maritima (Sea Milkwort	abundant native	Saltmarsh
Hottonia palustris (Water-violet)			Other Cited in Christiansen (1961)
Lysimachia punctata* (Dotted Loosestrife	uncommon introduced	Wasteplaces and roadsides	Usually near houses
Trientalis europaea (Chickweed-wintergreen	rare native	Heaths and dune slacks

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Grossulariaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Ribes nigrum (Black Currant	rare introduced	Margins of woodlands	Wittdün and Norddorf
Ribes rubrum* (Red Currant	rare introduced	Margins of woodlands	On the Waldweg
Ribes sanguineum* (Flowering Current	rare introduced	Margins of woodlands	A garden escape
Ribes uva-crispa* (Gooseberry	rare introduced		A garden escape

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Crassulaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Sedum acre (Wall Pepper	common	Wasteplaces, roadsides, dunes, bare sandy soil and embankments
Sedum album* (White Stonecrop	rare introduced	Wasteplaces near gardens	Often seen on embankments surrounding houses, but only rarely outside gardens
Sedum telephium (Orpine)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)

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Saxifragaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Saxifraga granulata (Meadow Saxifrage			Türk, W. (1994)

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Rosaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Alchemilla mollis* (Lady's-mantle	uncommon introduced	Embankment and woodland margins
Aphanes arvensis (Parsley-piert)			Other Cited in Christiansen (1961)
Aphanes australis (Slender Parsley-piert	uncommon archaeophyte	Fallow fields, disturbed ground in heaths and arable weed
Cotoneaster sp.* (Cotoneaster	uncommon introduced	Woodland	Many small bushes and seedlings can be found in the woods on Amrum, presumably spread by birds from gardens. They are likely to become more common the future. With neither fruit nor berries these are unidentifiable to species
Crataegus monogyna (Hawthorn	common planted	Woodland, hedges and margins of plantations
Crataegus laevigata (Midland Hawthorn			Türk, W. (1994)
Fragaria vesca (Wild Strawberry	rare native	Margins of woodlands	A few scattered plants at the margin of a track near Großdüne
Fragaria x ananassa* (Garden Strawberry	uncommon introduced	Wasteplaces	Seen in three sites about the island. Once almost on the seashore
Geum urbanum* (Wood Avens	rare	Roadsides
Malus sylvestris (Crab Apple
Potentilla anglica (Trailing Tormentil)			Other Cited in Christiansen (1961)
Potentilla anserina (Silverweed	common native	Short turf, upper saltmarsh and wasteplaces
Potentilla argentea (Hoary Cinquefoil	uncommon	Wasteplaces and compacted soil on paths and tracks
Potentilla erecta (Common Tormentil	uncommon native	Short turf on damp areas of heaths and dune slacks
Potentilla norvegica (Ternate-leaved Cinquefoil)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Potentilla palustris (Marsh Cinquefoil	uncommon native	Dune slacks, marsh and ponds
Potentilla recta (Upright Cinquefoil	rare introduced	Field margin	Near windmill in Nebel, Also, one plant in Norddorf
Potentilla reptans* (Creeping Cinquefoil	rare introduced	Garden weed	One plant in a lawn in Norddorf
Prunus avium* (Wild Cherry	rare planted	Woodland	Two trees found in two different places not far from Nebel
Prunus domestica* (Wild Plum	rare probably planted	Margins of woodlands	One tree found next to a track in western Nebel
Prunus serotina (Rum Cherry	abundant introduced	Deciduous woodland, conifer plantations, heath and fixed dunes	Probably, the commonest tree on the island. This highly invasive introduction now dominates the ground underneath pine plantations
Prunus spinosa (Sloe	rare	Heath
Pyrus pyraster* (Wild Pear	rare introduced	Trackside	One mature tree north-west of Wittdün
Rosa caesia ssp. caesia (Hairy Dog Rose			Synonym Rosa coriifolia Türk, W. (1994)
Rosa caesia ssp. glauca (Glaucous Dog-rose)			Synonym Rosa vosagiaca Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Rosa canina (Dog Rose	common native	Margins of woodland, field margins and roadsides
Rosa cultivar* (Rose	rare introduced	Wasteplaces	With other garden plants that have apparently been abandoned on some wasteground
Rosa obtusifolia*	rare	Fixed Dunes	Near the northern end of the Norddorf seawall
Rosa pimpinellifolia (Burnet Rose	rare	Roadside	One patch found by the side of the road in Süddorf. This species is apparently a protected species in this region though I never found in a natural setting
Rosa rubiginosa (Sweet Briar	rare native	Margins of a plantation	Several plants seen north-west of Nebel, by the Waldweg. Synonym Rosa eglanteria
Rosa rugosa (Japanese Rose	abundant introduced	Dunes, woodland margins, roadsides and wasteplaces
Rubus caesius (Dewberry	common native	Road and tracksides
Rubus idaeus (Raspberry	uncommon	Margins of woodlands
Rubus subgen. Rubus (Bramble	common	Margins of woodland, field margins and roadsides	For a description of the Rubus flora of Amrum I defer to Kollmann (1998). He found the following species on the island in order of frequency; Rubus laciniatus, Rubus armeniacus, Rubus langei, Rubus plicatus, Rubus rudis, Rubus wahlbergii and Rubus slesvicensis
Sanguisorba minor ssp. muricata* (Salad Burnet	uncommon introduced	Roadside	Two plants found next to the main road in Süddorf. Also, in lawns near the Church in Wittdün
Sorbus aucuparia (Rowan	abundant	Woodland
Sorbus intermedia* (Swedish Whitebeam	common	Woodland

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Fabaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Anthyllis vulneraria (Kidney Vetch	uncommon native	Grassland, roadsides and meadows	Never abundant, but several sites exist
Cytisus scoparius (Broom	common native	Rough ground and field margins
Genista anglica (Petty Whin	uncommon native	Heaths within dune system
Genista pilosa (Hairy Greenweed			Türk, W. (1994)
Genista tinctoria (Dyer's Greenweed	rare native	Meadow
Lathyrus japonicus (Sea Pea	uncommon native	Beaches and other sandy places by the sea	Most abundant on Steenoder beach, but also in Wittdün
Lathyrus pratensis (Yellow Meadow Vetchling	common native	Grassland, roadsides and meadows
Lotus corniculatus (Bird's-foot Trefoil	common native	Heaths, dune slacks, short turf and meadows
Lotus glaber (Narrow-leaved Bird's-foot Trefoil	rare	Meadows
Lotus pedunculatus (Marsh Bird's-foot Trefoil	common native	Marsh, wet dune slacks, reed beds and ditches
Lupinus angustifolius* (Narrow-leaved Lupin	rare casual	Fallow	At least 20 plants on one small patch of fallow land, north-west of Nebel
Lupinus x regalis* (Lupin	rare	Meadow	One plant in Süddorf, behind School
Medicago lupulina (Black Medick	common	Wasteplaces, grassland and roadsides
Medicago sativa (Lucerne	introduced
Melilotus officinalis (Ribbed Melilot	rare introduced	Wasteplaces
Ononis repens* (Restharrow	rare	Roadside	One plant on a roadside north of Norddorf
Ononis spinosa (Spiny Restharrow	rare native	upper seashore, cliff	About 12 plants just south of Nebel
Ornithopus perpusillus (Least Bird's-foot	common	Heaths, meadows, roadsides and grassland
Robinia pseudoacacia* (False-acacia	uncommon sometimes planted	Woodland	Self sown in a number of places, but not abundant
Trifolium arvense (Hare's-foot Clover	abundant	Dunes, meadows, roadsides and tracks
Trifolium campestre (Hop Trefoil	uncommon	Wasteplaces and tracksides
Trifolium dubium (Lesser Trefoil	common archaeophyte	Short turf and lawns
Trifolium fragiferum (Strawberry Clover)			Christiansen (1961)
Trifolium hybridum (Alsike Clover	rare introduced	Field margin	Only seen once near Allunn. Perhaps overlooked elsewhere
Trifolium incarnatum ssp. incarnatum* (Crimson Clover	rare casual	Roadside	Several plants found on roadside in Süddorf, possibly introduced with lawn seed
Trifolium pratense (Red Clover	common	Pastures, meadows and roadsides
Trifolium repens (White Clover	abundant native	Short turf, lawns and meadows
Trifolium striatum (Knotted Clover	rare introduced		Rough grass at side of main road in Nebel
Ulex europaeus (Gorse	rare introduced	Eight bushes on wasteground near Klowenhugh and one bush at a roadside near Suddorf
Vicia cracca (Tufted Vetch	common native	Wasteplaces, meadows and roadsides
Vicia hirsuta (Hairy Tare	uncommon archaeophyte	Wasteplaces, meadows and roadsides
Vicia lathyroides (Spring Vetch			Türk, W. (1994)
Vicia sativa ssp. segetalis (Common Vetch	common archaeophyte	Roadsides, wasteplaces, field margins	Other subspecies may also be present

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Elaeagnaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Hippophae rhamnoides* (Sea-buckthorn	rare planted

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Lythraceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Lythrum salicaria (Purple Loosestrife	rare native	Banks of fresh water lake	Wriakhörnsee
Lythrum portula (Water Purslane	rare native	Wet dune slacks	near Wriakhörnsee

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Onagraceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Epilobium ciliatum* (American Willowherb	common introduced
Epilobium hirsutum (Great Willowherb	common	Marsh, banks of ditches and damp dune slacks
Epilobium montanum (Broad-leaved Willowherb	common	Shady ditches, a garden weeds and woodland
Epilobium obscurum (Short-fruited Willowherb
Epilobium palustre (Marsh Willowherb	uncommon native	Banks of fresh water lake	Wriakhörnsee
Epilobium parviflorum (Hoary Willowherb	common	Woodland tracksides and beside ditches
Epilobium tetragonum (Square-stalked Willowherb	common
Epilobium x limosum (Epilobium parviflorum x montanum)	rare	Shady ditch	One plant found in the presence of both parents
Chamerion angustifolium (Rosebay Willowherb	common native	Heaths, heavily grazed pasture, road and tracksides
Circaea lutetiana (Enchanter's Nightshade	rare	Woodland	One small patch, perhaps 5m across in a plantation north-west of Nebel. Probably, a recent colonist
Oenothera biennis (Common Evening Primrose	rare introduced		The Oenothera on Amrum are often difficult to identify with certainty. Where mixed populations exist there is clear evidence of hybridization, but where individuals grow in the absence of other plants, it is difficult to ascertain the parentage with certainty.
Oenothera glazioviana (Large-flowered Evening Primrose	uncommon introduced	Wasteplaces and other sites with disturbed soil
Oenothera oakesiana (Oakes' Evening Primrose	uncommon introduced		Referred to as O. ammophila in FdNFI, but I believe they refer to this species
Oenothera x fallax	uncommon introduced	Wasteplaces	Only sometimes in the presence of O. glazioviana

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Haloragaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Myriophyllum alterniflorum (Alternate Water-milfoil)			Other Cited in Christiansen (1961)
Myriophyllum spicatum (Myriophyllum spicatum			Türk, W. (1994)

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Euphorbiaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Euphorbia helioscopia (Sun spurge	uncommon archaeophyte	Garden weed and wasteplaces
Euphorbia peplus (Petty Spurge	uncommon archaeophyte	Garden weed and wasteplaces

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Rhamnaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Frangula alnus* (Alder Buckthorn	rare probably planted	Margins of a pine plantation	Two trees near Satteldüne, in the neighborhood of other species that may have been planted. There are also some saplings in woodland near by

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Vitaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Parthenocissus quinquefolia*	rare probably planted	Fixed dunes	One small plant near Satteldüne, with Frangula alnus. Also in Dunes north of Norddorf

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Linaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Radiola linoides (Allseed	rare native	Damp dune slacks with some disturbance	Found in vehicle ruts in a wet area near Wriakhörnsee. Also in sandy duneslacks behind foredunes

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Polygalaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Polygala serpyllifolia (Heath Milkwort)			Perhaps recorded in error for Polygala vulgaris Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Polygala vulgaris ssp. vulgaris (Common Milkwort	uncommon native	Heavily grazed short turf

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Hippocastanaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Aesculus hippocastanum* (Horse Chestnut	uncommon planted	Woodland

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Aceraceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat
Acer campestre* (Common Maple	uncommon planted	Hedges
Acer platanoides* (Norway Maple	uncommon	Margins of woodlands
Acer pseudoplatanus (Sycamore	common	Woodland and as an understory in pine plantations

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Oxalidaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Oxalis stricta* (Upright Yellow Sorrel	rare introduced	Garden weed	Seen in two gardens in Norddorf
Oxalis corniculata* (Yellow Sorrel	rare introduced	Pavement cracks	In Wittdün and Nebel

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Geraniaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Erodium cicutarium (Storksbill	common archaeophyte	Dunes, roadsides, wasteplaces and pavement cracks
Geranium dissectum* (Cut-leaved Crane's-bill	rare	Cracks in concrete	Seawall, north-east of Norddorf
Geranium molle (Dove's foot Crane's-bill	common archaeophyte	Wasteplaces, grassland and pavement cracks
Geranium pusillum (Small-flowered Crane's-bill
Geranium robertianum (Herb Robert	uncommon	Woodland margins and under hedges

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Tropaeolaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Tropaeolum majus* (Nasturtium	rare casual	Dumped soil	A total of three plants found at two different sites

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Balsaminaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Impatiens parviflora* (Small Yellow Balsam	rare introduced	Margins of woodlands	Near Steenodde, in one small area only

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Araliaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Hedera helix (Ivy	uncommon	Embankments, woodland margins and hedges

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Apiaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Aegopodium podagraria (Ground Elder	common	Garden weed, roadsides and under hedges
Aethusa cynapium (Fool's Parsley
Anthriscus caucalis (Bur Chervil			Türk, W. (1994)
Anthriscus sylvestris (Cow Parsley	uncommon native	Roadsides, field margins and woodland margins
Apium graveolens (Wild Celery)
Apium inundatum (Floating Marshwort	rare native	Pond in cattle pasture	North of Norddune
Bupleurum tenuissimum (Slender Hare's-ear)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Carum carvi (Caraway	introduced		Türk, W. (1994)
Caucalis platycarpos (Small Bur-parsley)			Synonym Caucalis daucoidesOther Cited in Christiansen (1961)
Chaerophyllum temulum (Rough Chervil	common	Garden weed, roadsides and under hedges
Cicuta virosa (Cowbane)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Conium maculatum (Hemlock	uncommon archaeophyte	Disturbed ground	Seen in several places, but the largest amount was around Nebel sewage works
Coriandrum sativum (Coriander	casual		Türk, W. (1994)
Daucus carota (Wild Carrot	common	Roadsides, tracks and field margins
Eryngium maritimum (Sea-holly)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Heracleum mantegazzianum (Giant Hogweed	rare introduced	Garden weed	Seen growing on the earthen wall of one garden in Nebel. Potentially a invasive alien
Hydrocotyle vulgaris (Marsh Pennywort	uncommon native	Damp dune slacks and marsh
Pastinaca sativa (Wild Parsnip	rare	Wasteground	Only one plant, presumably a garden escape
Pimpinella saxifraga (Burnet Saxifrage	uncommon	Meadows, road and tracksides

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Aquifoliaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Ilex aquifolium* (Holly	uncommon	Plantations	Only small immature plants seen.

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Gentianaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Centaurium erythraea (Common Centaury)			Records for this species might refers to Centaurium littorale Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Centaurium littorale (Sea Centaury	rare native	Banks of fresh water lake	Wriakhörnsee
Centaurium pulchellum (Lesser Centaury	uncommon native	Sand hummocks in saltmarsh between foredunes and main dune system
Gentiana pneumonanthe (Marsh Gentian)			Türk, W. (1994)

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Solanaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Datura stramonium (Thorn-apples	rare
Hyoscyamus niger (Henbane)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Lycium barbarum agg. (Duke of Argyll's Teaplant	uncommon introduced	Hedges	Always near gardens.
Lycopersicum esculentum (Tomato	rare casual
Solanum dulcamara (Woody Nightshade	common native	Dune slacks, woodland margins, wasteplaces and field margins
Solanum nigrum (Black Nightshade	uncommon	Wasteplaces and cultivated land

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Convolvulaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Convolvulus arvensis (Lesser Bindweed	common	Roadsides, field margins and sandy grassland areas near the sea
Calystegia sepium agg. (Hedge Bindweed	rare	Garden weed and roadside	Found in Wittdün, Norddorf and Nebel, but never very much
Calystegia soldanella (Sea Bindweed)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)

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Cuscutaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Cuscuta epithymum (Dodder	rare native	Fixed dunes, parasitic on Calluna vulgaris Over twenty plants were found over a small area This species is surprisingly rare considering that the host is so common on the island

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Menyanthaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Menyanthes trifoliata (Bogbean)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)

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Hydrophyllaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Phacelia tanacetifolia* (Phacelia	uncommon casual	Field margins, fallow and wasteplaces	Presumably introduced as a fallow crop, but it is unclear if it is naturalised or casual

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Boraginaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Anchusa arvensis (Bugloss	common archaeophyte	Agricultural weed, fallow and wasteplaces
Echium vulgare (Viper's Bugloss	uncommon archaeophyte	Sandy grassland and fixed dunes	Seen on several places in the south of the island
Lappula squarrosa (Bur Forget-me-not)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Myosotis arvensis (Field Forget-me-not	uncommon archaeophyte	Garden weed	Gardens in Nebel and Wittdün
Myosotis discolor (Changing Forget-me-not)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Myosotis laxa (Tufted Forget-me-not	uncommon native	Ditches and pond margins	Ponds north of Norddune and around the Wriakhörnsee
Myosotis ramosissima (Early Forget-me-not	rare	Eroded, bare ground along a heathland track	Perhaps overlooked elsewhere
Myosotis scorpioides (Water Forget-me-not)			Synonym Myosotis palustris Cited in Türk, W. (1994)
Myosotis stricta (Strict Forget-me-not	rare native	Dune slacks
Symphytum x uplandicum (Russian Comfrey)			In the Flora der Nordfriesischen inseln (Christiansen, 1961) S. asperum is recorded for Amrum. Türk (1994) does not refer directly to this, but it seems as though he assumes that Christiansen was referring to this species. Certainly, S asperum is a much rarer species. I saw one Symphytum species, but it was in too poor a condition to identify accurately Raabe, E. W. (1987)

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Lamiaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Ajuga reptans* (Bugle	rare	Woodland margins
Galeopsis tetrahit (Common Hempnettle	uncommon	Wasteplaces and a garden weed
Glechoma hederacea* (Ground Ivy	uncommon	Damp shady ground
Lamiastrum galeobdolon ssp. argentatum* (Yellow Archangel	uncommon	Woodland	Close to gardens from where it will have escaped
Lamium album (White Dead-nettle	rare introduced	Rough grassland	Around a bench in north-eastern Nebel
Lamium amplexicaule (Henbit	uncommon archaeophyte	Wasteplaces and a garden weed
Lamium hybridum (Cut-leaved Dead-nettle)	introduced		Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Lamium confertum (Northern Deadnettle)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Lamium purpureum (Purple Dead-nettle	uncommon archaeophyte	Wasteplaces and a garden weed
Lycopus europaeus (Gypsywort	uncommon	Margins of lake and wet dune slack	Wriakhörnsee
Mentha aquatica (Water Mint	uncommon native	Margins of lake
Mentha arvensis (Corn Mint	rare
Mentha x verticillata (M. arvensis x aquatica) (Whorled Mint)			Other Cited in Christiansen (1961)
Origanum vulgare* (Wild Marjoram	rare introduced	Wasteplaces and roadsides	Garden escapes
Prunella vulgaris (Self-heal	common native	Meadows, pasture and roadsides
Clinopodium acinos (Basil Thyme			Türk, W. (1994)
Scutellaria galericulata (Skull-cap	uncommon native	Margins of lake and wet dune slack	Wriakhörnsee
Stachys palustris (Marsh Woundwort	rare	Field margin	A few plants on east coast, between Nebel and Norddorf
Thymus serpyllum (Breckland Thyme	uncommon native	Short turf, heaths, fixed dunes and roadsides

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Callitrichaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Callitriche brutia (Pedunculate Water-starwort	uncommon native	Ditches	North of Norddorf. The Callitriche have undergone many changes in there species concepts and it is difficult to compare new and old records in this genus. C. brutia may be synonymous with the records of Callitriche hamulata
Callitriche cophocarpa (Water-starwort)			Christiansen (1961)
Callitriche hamulata (Intermediate Water-starwort			Türk, W. (1994)
Callitriche hermaphroditica (Autumnal Water-starwort			Türk, W. (1994)
Callitriche palustris			Christiansen (1961)
Callitriche stagnalis (Common Water-starwort	uncommon native	Ditches and wet ruts on forest tracks	Near sewage works close to Wittdün

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Plantaginaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Littorella uniflora (Shoreweed)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Plantago coronopus (Buck's-horn Plantain	abundant native	Short turf close to the sea, saltmarsh
Plantago arenaria (Branched Plantain)	introduced		Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Plantago lanceolata (Ribwort Plantain	abundant native	Meadows, field margins, roadsides and wasteplaces
Plantago major ssp. major (Greater Plantain	common archaeophyte	Compacted soil on tracks, paths and lawns
Plantago maritima (Sea Plantain	common native	Saltmarsh

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Oleaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Fraxinus excelsior* (Ash	uncommon planted and self sown	Land boundaries	In towns and near houses

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Scrophulariaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Cymbalaria muralis (Ivy-leaved Toadflax	common introduced	Walls	Many plants are planted on the earthen walls, particularly sedums. However, other species do not appear to have naturalised like this species
Digitalis purpurea (Foxglove	uncommon introduced	Heaths and disturbed ground in woodland	All specimen are very tall and variable in flower colour. I therefore suspect that they are derived from garden escapes and are probably not native
Euphrasia micrantha (Eyebright)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Euphrasia officinalis agg. (Eyebright	common native	Meadows
Euphrasia stricta (Eyebright	uncommon native	Wet dune slack
Linaria vulgaris (Toadflax	common archaeophyte	Fixed dunes, roadsides and heaths
Odontites vernus ssp. litoralis (Red Bartsia	uncommon native	Grassland at upper saltmarsh	Allunn
Odontites vernus ssp. vernus (Red Bartsia)			Other Cited in Christiansen (1961)
Pedicularis sylvatica (Lousewort	uncommon native	Margins of lake	Wriakhörnsee
Pedicularis palustris (Marsh Lousewort			Cited in Türk, W. (1994)
Rhinanthus angustifolius (Greater Yellow-rattle			Türk, W. (1994)
Rhinanthus minor (Hayrattle	abundant native	Meadows and roadsides
Scrophularia nodosa (Common Figwort	rare	Margins of woodland tracks	A few plants along cycle track west of Wittdün. One plant on Waldweg near Satteldüne
Verbascum lychnitis (White Mullein)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Verbascum nigrum* (Dark Mullein	rare casual	Disturbed ground	One plant near Schullandheim Bad Horn
Verbascum sp.* (Mullein	rare introduced	Wasteplaces near gardens and fixed dunes	At least two other species of Verbascum were seen, but the lack of flowers made them impossible to identify
Verbascum thapsus* (Common Mullein	rare introduced	Wasteplaces	Süddorf
Veronica arvensis (Wall Speedwell	uncommon
Veronica chamaedrys (Germander Speedwell)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Veronica hederifolia ssp. hederifolia (Ivy-leaved Speedwell			Türk, W. (1994)
Veronica officinalis (Heath Speedwell	common native	Short turf, pasture, heath, woodland margins, dune slacks
Veronica persica (Common Field-speedwell	introduced		Türk, W. (1994)
Veronica scutellata (Marsh Speedwell)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Veronica serpyllifolia ssp. serpyllifolia* (Thyme-leaved Speedwell	rare	Lawn and damp tracks in woodlands
Veronica spicata (Spiked Speedwell	rare introduced	Steep sandy bank	Wittdün, presumably escaped from gardens

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Lentibulariaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Pinguicula vulgaris (Common Butterwort)	introduced		Christiansen (1961)

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Campanulaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Campanula rapunculoides (Creeping Bellflower)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Campanula rotundifolia (Harebell	common native	Meadows
Jasione montana (Sheep's bit	common native	Heaths, fixed dunes and meadows

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Rubiaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Galium aparine (Cleavers	common native	Gardens, wasteplaces and roadsides
Galium mollugo agg. (Hedge Bedstraw	uncommon native	Meadows and roadsides
Galium palustre ssp. palustre (Common Marsh-bedstraw	uncommon native	Wet dune slacks, banks of ponds and ditches
Galium saxatile (Heath bedstraw	uncommon native	Heaths	Synonym Galium harcynicum
Galium verum (Lady's bedstraw	common native	Meadows, roadsides, heath and pasture
Galium x pomeranicum (G. mollugo x G. verum)	uncommon native	Meadows and roadsides
Sherardia arvensis (Field Madder)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)

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Caprifoliaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Linnaea borealis (Twinflower)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Lonicera periclymenum (Honeysuckle	common native	Woods, plantations and scrub
Sambucus nigra (Elder	common native	Hedges, dunes and woodland margins
Symphoricarpos albus (Snowberry	rare introduced	Pine plantation	Seen in gardens, but only once in a plantation

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Valerianaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Valerianella locusta (Common Cornsalad			Türk, W. (1994)

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Dipsacaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Dipsacus fullonum* (Teasel	rare introduced	Wasteplaces	Car park margin, Nebel
Knautia arvensis (Field Scabious	common native	Meadows and roadsides
Succisa pratensis (Devil's-bit Scabious

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Asteraceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Achillea millefolium (Yarrow	abundant native	Grassland of all kinds
Achillea ptarmica (Sneezewort)			Christiansen (1961)
Antennaria dioica (Mountain Everlasting)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Anthemis arvensis (Corn Chamomile	common	Grassland, arable crops and field margins
Anthemis cotula (Stinking Chamomile)			Other Cited in Christiansen (1961)
Anthemis tinctoria (Yellow Chamomile	rare casual	Wasteplaces	Perhaps a casual from bird seed or grass seed, but seen in two separate locations
Arctium minus (Lesser Burdock	uncommon archaeophyte	Field margins and roadsides	Never abundant in any one place, but seen in several places
Arnica montana			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Arnoseris minima (Lamb's Succory			Türk, W. (1994)
Artemisia absinthium (Wormwood			Türk, W. (1994)
Artemisia vulgaris (Mugwort	archaeophyte
Aster tripolium (Sea Aster	common native	Saltmarsh
Bellis perennis (Daisy	uncommon native	Lawns
Bidens cernua (Nodding Bur-marigold	rare
Bidens tripartita (Trifid Bur-marigold	rare
Carduus nutans (Musk Thistle			Türk, W. (1994)
Centaurea cyanus (Cornflower	rare archaeophyte	Wasteplaces and fallow	Two plants in rough ground near farm in Norddorf
Centaurea jacea (Brown Knapweed)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Centaurea stoebe (Spotted Knapweed)	introduced		Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Chrysanthemum segetum (Corn Marigold	rare casual	Wasteplaces	Corner of Churchyard in Nebel
Cichorium intybus (Chicory)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Cirsium arvense (Creeping Thistle	common	Roadsides, pasture, agricultural land
Cirsium palustre (Marsh Thistle	uncommon	Rough grassland
Cirsium vulgare (Spear Thistle	uncommon	Roadsides and wasteplaces
Conyza canadensis (Canadian Fleabane	common introduced	Disturbed ground, wasteplaces and agricultural land
Crepis biennis (Rough Hawk's-beard			Cited in Türk, W. (1994)
Crepis capillaris (Smooth Hawk's-beard	abundant archaeophyte	Dunes, dry woods, heath, wasteplaces and roadsides
Crepis tectorum (Narrow-leaved Hawk's-beard)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Erigeron acer (Blue Fleabane)			Synonym Erigeron acris Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Filago lutescens (Red-tipped Cudweed)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Filago minima (Small Cudweed	common	Fixed dunes and sandy roadsides	Not distributed evenly, but where it occurs it is in large numbers
Filago vulgaris (Cudweed	uncommon archaeophyte	Disturbed, trodden and sandy places	Only ever found in places of manmade disturbance
Galinsoga parviflora (Gallant Soldier	uncommon introduced	Garden weed and pavement cracks	Seen in Nebel, Norddorf and Wittdün
Galinsoga quadriradiata* (Shaggy Soldier	uncommon introduced	Garden weed and pavement cracks	Seen in Nebel, Norddorf and Wittdün
Gnaphalium sylvaticum (Heath Cudweed	uncommon	A fallow field and one plant found in a damp dune slacks
Gnaphalium uliginosum (Marsh Cudweed	common	Ruts in farm tracks
Hieracium umbellatum (Hawkweed	common native	Heaths in dunes	Never abundant in any one place, but well scattered within suitable habitat
Hypochaeris radicata (Cat's-ear	common native	Grassland of all kinds
Lapsana communis (Nipple-wort	uncommon archaeophyte	Wasteplaces
Leontodon autumnalis (Smooth Hawkbit	uncommon native	Roadsides and short grassland
Leontodon saxatilis (Lesser Hawkbit)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Leucanthemum vulgare (Oxeye Daisy	uncommon	Lawns and earthen embankments surrounding gardens
Matricaria discoidea (Pineappleweed	common introduced	Roadsides, tracks and parking places
Matricaria recutita (Scented Mayweed
Mycelis muralis (Wall Lettuce	uncommon	Conifer plantations
Pilosella officinarum (Mouse-ear Hawkweed	common native	Embankments, short turf and heaths
Scorzonera humilis (Viper's grass	rare native	Meadow
Senecio jacobaea (Ragwort	rare	Meadow and foredunes	Surprisingly rare, but it might be specifically controlled by landowners
Senecio sylvaticus (Wood Groundsel	common native	Dunes, dry woods, heath, wasteplaces and roadsides
Senecio vernalis (Eastern Groundsel			Türk, W. (1994)
Senecio viscosus (Sticky Groundsel	rare	Cracks in concrete	Only found on the seawall in Norddorf
Senecio vulgaris (Groundsel	uncommon	Agricultural weed, wasteplaces
Seriphidium maritimum (Sea Wormwood	common native	Saltmarsh
Silybum marianum* (Milk Thistle	rare introduced	field margin
Solidago canadensis (Canadian Goldenrod	introduced		Türk, W. (1994)
Solidago gigantea* (Early Goldenrod	uncommon introduced	Roadsides and wasteplaces	Probably originating from dumping of garden waste
Sonchus arvensis (Corn Sowthistle	uncommon	Wasteplaces and foredunes
Sonchus asper (Prickly Sowthistle	common archaeophyte	Wasteplaces and fallow
Sonchus oleraceus (Common Sowthistle	common archaeophyte	Wasteplaces and fallow
Tagetes patula (French Marigold	rare casual	Wasteplaces	Four plants growing where garden waste may have been dumped. Near sewage works in Nebel
Tanacetum parthenium (Feverfew	rare introduced	Side of pavement	One plant found near a garden
Tanacetum vulgare (Tansy	common introduced	Roadsides, field margins and wasteplaces
Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma (Lesser Dandelion)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Taraxacum officinale agg. (Dandelion	common
Tragopogon pratensis (Goat's Beard	rare	Wasteplaces	Three plants at the margin of a car park in Nebel and one plant along the Waldweg
Tripleurospermum inodorum (Scentless Mayweed	common	Agricultural weed, wasteplaces and field margins
Tussilago farfara (Colt's-foot	rare	Wasteplaces

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Alismataceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Alisma plantago-aquatica (Water-plantain)			Christiansen (1961)

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Juncaginaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Triglochin maritimum (Sea Arrowgrass	uncommon native	Saltmarsh
Triglochin palustre (Marsh Arrowgrass	uncommon native	Upper saltmarsh

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Potamogetonaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Potamogeton crispus (Curled Pondweed)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Potamogeton natans (Broad-leaved Pondweed	uncommon	Ditches
Potamogeton pectinatus (Fennel Pondweed	rare	Pond	South of Nebel
Potamogeton polygonifolius (Bog Pondweed	common native	Ponds in dune slacks
Potamogeton pusillus (Lesser Pondweed)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)

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Ruppiaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Ruppia cirrhosa (Spiral Tasselweed)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Ruppia maritima (Beaked Tasselweed)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)

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Zannichelliaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Zannichellia palustris (Horned Pondweed)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)

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Zosteraceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Zostera marina (Eelgrass	probably common native	Washed up on beach
Zostera noltei (Dwalf Eelgrass			Türk, W. (1994)

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Araceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Calla palustris (Bog Arum			Türk, W. (1994)

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Lemnaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Lemna minor (Lesser Duckweed	uncommon native	Ditches

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Juncaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Juncus acutiflorus (Sharp-flowered Rush
Juncus alpinoarticulatus ssp. atricapillus (Alpine Rush)			Petersen, J. (2000)
Juncus ambiguus (Frog Rush	uncommon native	Dune slacks	Synonym Juncus ranarius
Juncus anceps (Flattened Rush	uncommon native	Dune slacks
Juncus articulatus (Jointed Rush	common native	Dune slacks
Juncus bufonius (Toad Rush	common native	Wasteplaces, upper saltmarsh and roadsides
Juncus bulbosus (Bulbous Rush	common native	Boggy ponds in dune slacks
Juncus compressus (Round-fruited Rush			Türk, W. (1994)
Juncus conglomeratus (Compact Rush	common native	Ditches and marshes
Juncus effusus (Soft-rush	common native	Roadsides, ditches, marsh, margins of damp woodland and damp pasture
Juncus filiformis (Thread Rush	uncommon	Damp dune slacks
Juncus gerardii (Salt Mud Rush	common native	Saltmarsh
Juncus maritimus (Sea Rush	uncommon native	Saltmarsh and damp dune slacks
Juncus pygmaeus (Pigmy Rush	uncommon native	Damp bare sand in dune slacks	Abundant in the areas where it grows, but restricted to small areas
Juncus squarrosus (Heath Rush	uncommon native	Heaths and dune slacks
Juncus tenuis (Slender Rush	uncommon introduced	Damp tracks in plantations
Luzula campestris (Field Wood-rush			Türk, W. (1994)
Luzula multiflora (Many Headed Woodrush	uncommon native	Heaths, fixed dunes and grassland
Luzula sylvatica* (Greater Woodrush	rare native	Trackside	Only one small patch

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Cyperaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Bolboschoenus maritimus (Sea Club-rush	common native	Duneslacks and saltmarsh
Blysmus rufus (Saltmarsh Flat-sedge)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Carex acuta (Slender Tufted-sedge	rare native		Synonym Carex gracilis Türk, W. (1994)
Carex arenaria (Sand Sedge	abundant native	Dunes and heaths
Carex curta (White Sedge			Türk, W. (1994)
Carex distans (Distant Sedge			Türk, W. (1994)
Carex echinata (Star Sedge)			Türk, W. (1994)
Carex extensa (Long-bracted Sedge	uncommon native
Carex flacca (Glaucous Sedge)	uncommon native		Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Carex hostiana (Tawny Sedge)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Carex muricata ssp. lamprocarpa (Prickly Sedge	common native	Heaths	Synonym Carex pairae
Carex nigra (Common Sedge	uncommon native	Wet dune slack and wet meadow
Carex otrubae (False Fox-sedge
Carex ovalis (Oval Sedge	uncommon native	Grassland and tracksides	Synonym C. leporina
Carex panicea (Carnation Sedge			Türk, W. (1994)
Carex pilulifera (Pill Sedge	uncommon native	Heaths and forest tracks
Carex pseudocyperus (Cyperus Sedge	rare native	Ditches and wet dune slacks
Carex trinervis (Three-nerved Sedge)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Carex x turfosa (C. elata x C. nigra)			Other Cited in Christiansen (1961)
Carex viridula ssp. viridula (Yellow Sedge	uncommon native	Wet dune slacks	Synonyms C. oederi or C serotina
Eleocharis acicularis (Needle Spike-rush			Cited in Türk, W. (1994)
Eleocharis multicaulis (Many-stalked Spike-rush)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Eleocharis palustris (Common Spike-rush	common native	Wet dune slacks
Eleocharis quinqueflora (Few-flowerd Spike-rush			Türk, W. (1994)
Eleocharis uniglumis (Slender Spike-rush	uncommon native	Wet dune slacks
Eleogiton fluitans (Floating Club-rush	rare native	Pond in dune slack
Eriophorum angustifolium (Common Cottongrass	uncommon native	Wet, boggy dune slacks
Rhynchospora alba (White Beak-sedge)			Christiansen (1961)
Rhynchospora fusca (Brown Beak-sedge)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (Grey Club-rush	rare native	Wet dune slack	One patch, perhaps 3m in circumference
Schoenoplectus triqueter (Triangular Club-rush)			Christiansen (1961)
Trichophorum cespitosum ssp. germanicum (Deergrass	rare native	Wet dune slack

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Poaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Agrostis canina (Velvet Bent)			Türk, W. (1994)
Agrostis capillaris (Common Bent	abundant native	Grassland of all kinds
Agrostis gigantea (Black Bent)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Agrostis stolonifera ssp. maritima (Creeping Bent	common native	Saltmarsh and dune slacks
Agrostis stolonifera ssp. stolonifera (Creeping Bent	common native	Meadows, saltmarsh and dune slacks
Agrostis vinealis (Brown Bent	uncommon native	Dunes	Synonym Agrostis stricta
Aira caryophyllea (Silver Hair-grass	common native	Dunes, dry grassland and disturbed ground
Aira praecox (Early Hair-grass	common native	Dunes, dry grassland and disturbed ground
Alopecurus geniculatus (Marsh Foxtail	uncommon native	Pond margins in cattle pastures and upper saltmarsh
Alopecurus myosuroides (Black-grass			Türk, W. (1994)
Alopecurus pratensis (Meadow Foxtail	uncommon native	Damp, ungrazed grassland	West of Wittdün
Ammophila arenaria (Marram Grass	abundant native	Dunes
X Calammophila baltica (Purple Marram	uncommon native	Dunes
Anisantha sterilis (Barren Brome	uncommon	Margins of a carpark, wasteplaces and seawall	Near the Nordseehalle, Wittdün, seawall in Norddorf
Anisantha tectorum (Drooping Brome)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Anthoxanthum aristatum (Annual Vernal Grass)	introduced
Anthoxanthum odoratum (Scented Vernal Grass	abundant native	Dunes, woodland, heaths, roadsides and meadows
Apera spica-venti (Loose Silky Bent	uncommon archaeophyte	Wasteplaces
Arrhenatherum elatius (Oat Grass	common native	Roadsides and rough grassland
Avena fatua (Wild-oat			Türk, W. (1994)
Brachypodium pinnatum (Tor-grass			Türk, W. (1994)
Bromopsis erecta (Upright Brome	rare introduced	Earthen wall	on a stone wall near harbour in Wittdün
Bromopsis inermis ssp inermis (Hungarian Brome	uncommon introduced	Roadsides	Seen twice, but forming extensive patches were it grows. Both sites are on the outskirts of Nebel
Bromus hordeaceus (Soft-brome	abundant native	Wasteplaces, meadows and roadsides
Bromus secalinus (Rye Brome)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Calamagrostis canescens (Purple Small-reed	rare	Swamp
Calamagrostis epigejos (Wood Small-reed	uncommon	Margins of woodlands and heathland	Particularly along side the Waldweg
Catabrosa aquatica (Whorl-grass)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Corynephorus canescens (Grey Hair-grass	abundant native	Hind dunes
Cynosurus cristatus (Crested Dog's-tail	common native	Meadows, pasture and roadsides
Dactylis glomerata (Cocksfoot	common native	Roadsides, field margins, wasteplaces, gardens and meadows
Danthonia decumbens (Heath-grass	uncommon native	Heaths and tracksides in woodland
Deschampsia cespitosa (Tufted Hair-grass			Türk, W. (1994)
Deschampsia flexuosa (Wavy Hair Grass	abundant native	Dunes, woodland, heaths, roadsides and meadows	Synonym Avenella flexuosa
Deschampsia setacea (Bog Hair-grass)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Digitaria ischaemum (Smooth Finger-grass)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Echinochloa crus-galli (Cockspur
Elytrigia atherica (Sea Couch	common native	Saltmarsh, transitional area between saltmarsh and dune	Some clumps have long awns while others do not
Elytrigia juncea (Sand Couch	abundant native	Foredunes	Mainly on the western shore of the island
Elytrigia repens ssp. maritima			Türk, W. (1994)
Elytrigia repens ssp. repens (Common Couch	common native	Roadsides, rough grassland, embankments, wasteplaces and saltmarsh	Awned and unawned plants are present
Elytrigia x obtusiuscula (Hybrid Sand Couch	common native	Saltmarsh, transitional area between saltmarsh and dune
Festuca arenaria (Rush-leaved Fescue	common native	Sand dunes
Festuca arundinacea (Tall Fescue	rare	Trackside	Near Wittdün
Festuca filiformis (Fine-leaved Sheep's-fescue	uncommon native	Short turf
Festuca ovina (Sheep's fescue	common native	Short turf on heaths and pasture
Festuca pratensis (Meadow fescue	uncommon	Meadows
Festuca rubra ssp. litoralis (Red fescue	common native	Saltmarsh
Festuca rubra ssp.rubra (Red fescue	abundant native	Meadows, roadsides, pasture and upper saltmarsh
Glyceria fluitans (Floating Sweet-grass	rare native	Ditches	North of Norddorf
Helictotrichon pratense (Meadow Oat-grass			Türk, W. (1994)
Holcus lanatus (Yorkshire Fog	abundant native	Dunes, woodland, heaths, roadsides and meadows
Holcus mollis (Creeping soft-grass	common native	Wasteplaces and a weed of arable crops
Hordeum jubatum (Foxtail Barley)	introduced		Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Hordeum murinum (Wall Barley	uncommon	Pavement cracks
Hordeum secalinum (Meadow Barley	uncommon	Grassland at upper limits of saltmarsh	Only one site at Allunn
Koeleria albescens (Crested Hair-grass			Türk, W. (1994)
Leymus arenarius (Lyme-grass	common native	Beaches	Seen on the eastern coast, but may also exists scattered on the western coast
Lolium multiflorum	introduced		Türk, W. (1994)
Lolium perenne (Perennial Rye-grass	abundant native	Pastures, roadsides and lawns	Also sown as a crop
Molinia caerulea (Purple Moor-grass	common native	Tracksides in woods and plantation, under birch woods and on heaths
Nardus stricta (Mat Grass	uncommon native	Damp ground next to track
Panicum miliaceum* (Common Millet	rare introduced	Wasteplace	Growing on the waste from a stable
Parapholis strigosa (Curved Sea Hard-grass	uncommon native	Saltmarsh behind foredunes
Phalaris canariensis* (Canary-grass	rare introduced	Wasteplaces	Growing on the waste from a stable
Phleum pratense agg. (Cat's-tail	abundant native	Meadows, pasture and roadsides	Some spikes seemed to fit within the range a characters of P. bertolonii
Phragmites australis (Common Reed	abundant native	Ditches, marsh and upper saltmarsh
Poa angustifolia (Narrow-leaved Meadow Grass			Türk, W. (1994)
Poa annua (Annual Meadow Grass	common native	Short grassland, disturbed ground and agricultural land
Poa compressa (Flattened Meadow-grass	rare		Found in a flower bed of a private garden in Nebel
Poa humilis (Spreading Meadow-grass	common native	Dunes, heaths, roadsides, meadows and wasteplaces	Türk (1994) refers to Poa pratensis ssp. angustifolia. These species are quite similar and further investigation is required to determine if both are present
Poa nemoralis (Woodland Meadow Grass	probably common native	Margins of woodlands
Poa pratensis sens.str. (Meadow Grass	rare native	Damp grassland
Poa trivialis (Rough Meadow Grass	uncommon native	Margins of woodlands
Puccinellia distans (Reflexed Salt-marsh Grass			Türk, W. (1994)
Puccinellia maritima (Common Salt-marsh Grass	common native	Saltmarsh
Setaria viridis (Green Bristle-grass	rare introduced	Wasteplaces
Spartina anglica (Common Cord-grass	common introduced	Lower saltmarsh
Trisetum flavescens (Yellow Oat-grass			Türk, W. (1994)
Vulpia bromoides (Squirreltail Fescue	rare casual	Margins of a carpark	The car park of a house west of Nebel
Vulpia myuros (Rat's-tail Fescue	rare introduced	Margins of a carpark	Near the minigolf in Norddorf

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Sparganiaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Sparganium emersum (Unbranched Bur-reed)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)

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Typhaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Typha angustifolia (Lesser Bulrush	rare	Ditches and wet dune slacks
Typha latifolia (Bulrush	rare	Ditches and wet dune slacks

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Liliaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Allium vineale* (Crow Garlic	rare	Garden weed	Seen only in a rose bed in Nebel
Asparagus officinalis ssp. officinalis* (Asparagus	uncommon introduced	Garden weed	Abundant in the garden of the Nordseehalle in Wittdün
Convallaria majalis* (Lily of the Valley	uncommon introduced	Deciduous woodland	Only two patches found of this plant, both perhaps 3m in diameter,
Maianthemum bifolium (May Lily	rare	Under conifer trees within the boundaries of a private house Possibly planted
Narthecium ossifragum (Bog Asphodel	uncommon native	Marsh	Between Wittdün and Steenodde

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Iridaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Iris pseudacorus (Yellow Iris	rare native	Wet duneslacks

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Orchidaceae

Species	abundance status	Habitat	Notes
Dactylorhiza maculata (Heath Spotted-Orchid			Türk, W. (1994)
Dactylorhiza majalis agg. (Western Marsh-orchid			Türk, W. (1994)
Epipactis helleborine* (Broad Helleborine	rare	Pine plantation	Only one plant found in one year and not refound subsequently
Goodyera repens (Creeping Lady's-tresses)			Raabe, E. W. (1987)
Hammarbya paludosa (Bog Orchid	rare native	Boggy dune slacks
Listera cordata (Lesser Twayblade)			Christiansen (1961)

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